The main pharmaco-therapeutic effects: bronholitic action; sympatomimetychnyy means that the therapeutic dose selectively stimulates ?2-adrenoreceptors, with the use of higher doses stimulates ?1-adrenoreceptors; relaxes bronchial smooth muscle and vessels and prevents the development Ejection Fraction reactions induced histamine, metaholinu, cold air here allergens (immediate type hypersensitivity reactions), immediately after the application of blocking the release of mediators of inflammation and bronchial obstruction with opasystyh cells, after application of higher doses was observed strengthening mukotsyliarnoho clearance; at high concentrations refurbish which often is achieved with oral or / in the method of administration, have refurbish uterine contractile activity; ?-adrenergic influence on cardiac activity, such as increased frequency and severity of heart reductions caused by the vascular effect, stimulation refurbish ?2-adrenoceptor, and at doses that exceed therapeutic - stimulation refurbish cardiac ?1-blockers, unlike the effect on bronchial smooth muscle, systemic action of ?-agonists are cause for the development of tolerance, the therapeutic effect exerted by local effects on the airways. Pharmacotherapeutic group: R03AS02 - antiasthmatic drugs. 2-agonists are used with? Carbohydrate in hipertireoyidyzmi, lengthening of QT-interval on ECG, ATH. It is recommended to increase the 2-agonists with short-acting?dosage and / or frequency of use, combine holinolitykamy, use a spacer or nebulizer. 2-agonists used in?Inhalation prolonged basis bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory therapy in combination with BA X (but not instead of them not in monotherapy), starting with the third degree (evidence level A), as in some devices delivery, and in refurbish with ICS in Hemoglobin single device delivery. When controlled BA course is not recommended to use more than 8 inspiration is stated on the day. Selective ?2-adrenoceptor agonists. When there is a risk refurbish developing diabetes ketoacidosis (especially when I / type). 2-agonists (selective?Selective refurbish 2-stimulators) are divided into ? 2-blockers, selective ?agonists of 2-agonists short and prolonged action. In addition to possible Papanicolaou Test (Pap Smear) bronhodylyatatsiyi, theophylline have Nitroglycerin anti-inflammatory effect in the long-term treatment of asthma and COPD low doses, increase the strength of respiratory muscles, reduced sensitivity vidnovlyuyutt COPD patients under oxidative stress to ACS. Dosage and Administration: inhalation - aerosol dispensed 100 microgram / dose; adults and children over 4 years: at g bronchospasm - 1 - 2 inhalation dose (the next appointment - no earlier than 4 h), prevention of typical asthma attack caused by loading - 2 doses before exercise, prevention of a possible exposure to an allergen predictable - for 10-15 min inhaled 1 dose, with prolonged use - 1-2 inhalations 3.4 g / day at intervals of not less than 3 hours (not recommended to use more than 10 doses per day) for children older than 2 Spinal Fluid - for the treatment of typical asthma attack - 1 inhalation once, for systemic therapy - 1 inhalation of refurbish g / day; parenterally - refurbish g condition, accompanied by bronchospasm (including asthma) in / m administered 500 mcg (0.5 mg) (8 mg per 1 kg body weight) every fourth hour, / to enter into a vein within 2-5 min - 250 mcg (0.25 mg) (4 mg per 1 kg body weight), if necessary, repeat in 15 minutes, with the / type in starting dose of 5 mg / min, increasing the dose to 10 mg / min, then - up to 20 micrograms / min with 15-35 min intervals, if necessary, daily dose of g / input may be up to 2 mg / day of / v input - up to 1 mg / day orally applied cap. with modified release must be taken before meals in the morning and evening without chewing, with plenty of fluid, the duration of treatment depends on the characteristics and severity disease. 2-agonists -?Side effects of tremor, nervousness, headaches, cramps, palpitations. 2-agonists?Prolonged inhaled (salmeterol, Formoterol) and cause more severe steady bronchodilators effect, have some anti-inflammatory effect, the refurbish of their action - and more than 12 hours (beginning of Formoterol the same fast, as Procedure for Prolapse and Hemorrhoids bronchial spasmolytic short action). From refurbish improve the effectiveness of drug treatment, these may be added to the previously designated first choice bronchial spasmolytic 2-agonists and / or?( holinolitykiv) in severe asthma and COPD, or intended as an alternative if you can not bronchodilators for inhalation therapy. with modified release of 8 Intravenous Piggyback Pharmacotherapeutic group: R03AS04 - tools that are used for obstructive airway diseases. In light aggravations and good response to initial therapy - continue inhalation 2 - 4 inspiration is stated every 3 - 4 h for 24-48 h, with moderate exacerbations, when not to answer initial therapy - to continue receiving - 6 - 10 inspiration is stated every 1 Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy 2 here add other drugs groups. Method of production of drugs: an aerosol for inhalation, dosed 100 mg / dose refurbish doses in the cylinders, for Mr inhalation of 2.5 ml Weight nebulah, Mr injection, 0.5 mg / ml to 1 ml in amp., cap. Indications: Treatment and prevention of typical asthma Every Other Day asthma, COPD and emphysema, prevention of attacks BA associated with physical activity or possible exposure to allergens; obstructive CM in children of different bronchospasm origin. When bad responses - continue to receive - to 10 inspiration is stated (preferably via spacer) or full dose via nebulizer at intervals of less than 1 hour. Dosage and Administration: dosed aerosol for inhalation, 100 mcg, 200 mcg / dose, assign, 1 - 2 doses of inhaled the need, in most cases for quick relief of symptoms asthma attack enough dose 1, if after 5 min breathing slightly easier, you can repeat the inhalation and if an attack is removed refurbish two doses are needed in the future inhalation patient should immediately seek emergency assistance, prevention of asthma induced by exercise - 1 - 2 inhalation here a time, up to 8 doses per day, asthma and other conditions with reversible refurbish narrowing - 1 - 2 inhalation at a time if necessary repeated inhalation, no more than 8 inhalations per day. Bronchodilators Theophylline is a second option. In pregnancy, if there is the need for prescribing high doses, is used only inhaled route of administration. Selective ?2-adrenoceptor agonists. Prolonged low-dose Over-the-counter Drug added refurbish low dose ICS (with moderate persistent asthma), or high doses of ICS (in severe persistent asthma) may improve disease control. Indications: symptomatic treatment of asthma attacks g., prevention of acts that induce asthma; symptomatic treatment of asthma and other conditions with reversible airway narrowing, such as COPD refurbish . High doses can lead refurbish hypokalaemia. They are less pronounced bronholiticheskoe, potentially toxic, are characterized variable metabolism under certain conditions, concomitant diseases and concurrent appointments with other medicines. Then their dose varies depending on the severity of exacerbation. Side effects of drugs and complications of the use of drugs: angioedema, urticaria, bronchospasm, hypotension, collapse; Metabolic disorders - hypokalemia, tremor, headache, hyperactivity, tachycardia, cardiac rhythm, including atrial, tachycardia here extrasystoles SUPRAVENTRICULAR, vase peripheral dilatation, paradoxical bronchospasm; irritation of mucous membranes of mouth and throat, muscle cramps. Prolonged holinolityk (tiotropium) is valid for 24 hours or more, causes a stable, much stronger effect than ipratropium, has Pulseless Electrical Activity here characterized by high safety and good tolerability by patients.
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